Id (0.064 , w/v), MCC950 MedChemExpress oxalate (0.052 , min and EDTA acid answer composed 40 min. The acid-treated seaweeds had been then washed and with an (0.012 , w/v) for anotherof sulfuric acid (0.064 , w/v), oxalate (0.052 , w/v), and soaked with water for another 40 min. The acid-treated seaweeds have been then washed and EDTA (0.012 , w/v) until neutral. The following major step was the bleaching processes. The seaweeds with soaked in neutral. The subsequent significant step was the w/v) for processes. The and soaked were water untilsodium hypochlorite answer (0.1 ,bleaching40 min, washed, seaweeds were soaked in sodium hypochlorite resolution (0.1 , w/v) for 40 min, washed, and soaked with water until neutral. Ultimately, the seaweeds (Vwater:Wseaweeds = 20:1) had been heated to 9502 until the seaweeds were entirely dissolved. The seaweed extracts had been then pressure filtered, dehydrated, and dried. The certain approach is shown in Figure 1. Samples had been obtained following performing each process (alkali therapy, acidifi-Mar. Drugs 2021, 19,15 ofand soaked with water till neutral. Finally, the seaweeds (Vwater :Wseaweeds = 20:1) were heated to 9502 C till the seaweeds were absolutely dissolved. The seaweed extracts were then stress filtered, dehydrated, and dried. The particular procedure is shown in Figure 1. Samples were obtained soon after performing every process (alkali treatment, acidification, and bleaching) and rinsing. Then, the samples have been dried within a 50 C blast dryer to continual weight, and weighed to determine the loss rate of seaweed, agar yield, as well as other physicochemical properties. Also, the treated seaweed samples collected have been freeze-dried and scanned by an electron microscope to observe the changes in seaweed following each process. three.2.two. Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Agar The seaweeds (30 g) were first soaked in cellulase options (4 U/mL, Vcellulase:Wseaweeds = 20:1) at 50 C for 1 h. Soon after Charybdotoxin Autophagy enzyme therapy, the seaweeds had been treated with sodium hydroxide resolution (3 w/v, VNaOH :Wseaweeds = 20:1) at 87 C for 3 h. The seaweeds had been then washed and soaked with water till neutral pH. The seaweeds were acidified in one step, i.e., the seaweeds had been impregnated in acid remedy composed of sulfuric acid (0.016 , w/v), oxalate (0.016 , w/v), and EDTA (0.012 , w/v) for 20 min. The acid-treated seaweeds had been then washed and soaked with water until neutral pH. Thereafter, the seaweeds have been soaked in sodium hypochlorite answer (0.06 , w/v) for 20 min and then washed and soaked with water till neutral. Lastly, the seaweeds (Vwater :Wseaweeds = 20:1) had been heated to 9502 C till the seaweeds had been entirely dissolved. The seaweed extracts have been then stress filtered, dehydrated, and dried. 3.two.3. Enzymatic-Extraction of Agar The seaweeds (30 g) were 1st soaked in cellulase solutions (8 U/mL, Vcellulase:Wseaweeds = 20:1) at 50 C for three h. Following enzyme therapy, the seaweeds were acidified in 1 step, that may be, the seaweeds had been impregnated in acid resolution composed of sulfuric acid (0.05 , w/v), oxalate (0.05 , w/v), and EDTA (0.012 , w/v) for 40 min. The acid-treated seaweeds had been then washed and soaked with water till neutral. Immediately after that, the seaweeds were soaked in sodium hypochlorite resolution (0.25 , w/v) for 20 min and then washed and soaked with water till neutral. Ultimately, the seaweeds (Vwater :Wseaweeds = 20:1) were heated to 9502 C until the seaweeds have been completely dissolved. The seaweed extracts have been then pressure filtered, dehydrated, and.
