Than DHEA (El Kihel, 2012). It was even advised as a drug
Than DHEA (El Kihel, 2012). It was even advised as a drug preventing Raynaud’s syndrome attacks (Kazih nitkova et al., 2007). 7-Oxo-DHEA may well serve as organic antiglucocorticoid (Muller et al., 2006), and it may be involved within the development of an effective immune response (Arsenou et al., 2003; Vecchione et al., 2020). It has been suggested that 7-oxo-DHEA as an antagonist of SSTR2 Activator Species c-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor (GABAA) exerts a advantageous effect for memory retention in mice. Its antagonizing activity towards GABAA partially eliminated the cholinergic dysfunction in induced amnesia in young mice (Shi et al., 2000). This compound also seems to have benefits to improve symptoms of depression, anxiety and tension issues (Sageman et al., 2012). Unlike DHEA, 7-keto-DHEA has no androgenic activity and it can’t be converted to androgens and oestrogens identified to mGluR4 Modulator Source enhance the risk of hormonedependent diseases. Because of this and as a result of a causal hyperlink amongst declining DHEA levels and agerelated loss of cognitive function, 7-oxo-DHEA was recommended as a secure alternative to DHEA supplementation. In some nations, it is commercially obtainable and employed also as nutritional supplement in sport (Kazihnitkova et al., 2007). As reported inside the readily available scientific literature, 7-oxoDHEA (1) metabolism in humans is mostly concerned with all the reduction of C-17 ketone by 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17b-HSD) generating 3b,17b-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7-one (2) or/and reduction from the ketone at C-7 position by 11b-HSD1 major towards the formation of epimeric 7b- (mostly) and 7a- alcohols (7a- and 7bhydroxy-DHEA (3)), and their reduction to 3b,7a,17band 3b,7b,17b-triols (3b,7a,17b-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene (four) and 3b,7b,17b-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene (five)) (Nashev et al., 2007). These metabolites are multifunctional compounds implicated within a broad range of biological processes, primarily attributed to immune technique modulation, anti-inflammatory, antiglucocorticoid and neuroprotective actions (El Kihel, 2012; Starka, 2017; Starka et al., 2018). Adjustments within the ratio of 7a/7b-hydroxy-DHEA and each isomeric triols were detected in patients with several problems like vascular and Alzheimer dementia (Starka, 2017). The derivatives of 7-oxo- or 7-hydroxyDHEA with an further 16a-hydroxy group had been isolated from urine of the patient with adrenal carcinoma2021 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley Sons Ltd., Microbial Biotechnology, 14, 2187Microbial transformations of 7-oxo-DHEATable 1. The catalytic activity of fungi towards 7-oxo-DHEA (1) and taxonomy on the applied strains.Time (days) two 3 three 1 4 three 3 3 3 3 six three 2 6 6 four 7 Conv. ( ) one hundred 98 94 90 64 90 90 100 43 92 48 57 90 33 33 10Division BasidiomycotaClass AgaricomycetesOrder Agaricales Gloeophyllales Hymenochaetales PolyporalesFamily Physalacriaceae Gloeophyllaceae Hymenochaetaceae FomitopsidaceaeGenus Armillaria Gloeophyllum Inonotus Piptoporus Laetiporus Poria Trametes Ascosphaera Penicillium SpicariaSpecies A. mellea AM296 G. odoratum AM58 I. radiatus AM70 P. betulinus AM39 L. sulphureus AM498 P. placenta AM36 T. versicolor AM536 A. apis AM496 P. camembertii AM83 S. divaricata AM423 S. fusispora AM136 S. violacea AM439 B. bassiana KCH1065 F. culmorum AM282 F. oxysporum AM21 P. lilacinum AM111 F. amygdali AMMetabolitesa ( ) 2 two 2 4 two 2 two 2 2 8 2 two two two 2 two 7 (one hundred) (98) (67); 3 (30); 5 (18); 6 (81) (80) (one hundred) (43) (79) (48) (39); 7 (90) (25).
