group than inside the T0 group. Adding curcumin in diet program drastically decreased TBIL level (p = 0.043) within the T500 + AFB1 group with respect towards the T0 + AFB1 group. As expected, there was no considerable distinction in TBIL level amongst the T500 + AFB1 group and T0 group (p 0.05) (BRD7 Formulation Figure 1E). No significant distinction in ALP (p = 0.621) as well as a decreasing trend in ALP (p = 0.676) have been observed among groups (Figure 1F). There was no significant increase in ALT (p = 0.246) and AST (p = 0.065) activity in the T0 + AFB1 group relative to these inside the T0 group. Adding curcumin into diet plan inhibited the activities of ALT (p = 0.544) and AST (p = 0.140) in the T500 + AFB1 group relative to those inside the T0 + AFB1 group, but with no considerable differences. No significant distinction in ALT and AST activity in between the T0 + AFB1 group and also the T0 group was identified (p 0.05) (Figure 1G,H). 3.two. Evaluation of Pathological Sections and Ultrastructural Assessment in Liver Histopathological examination of H E-stained livers shown in Figure 2. In the T0 group, CDK16 MedChemExpress hepatocytes morphology was normal (Figure 2A). AFB1 administration caused apparent toxicity containing vacuolation of hepatocytes, swelling of hepatocytes, and inflammatory cell infiltration inside the T0 + AFB1 group when compared with the T0 group (Figure 2B). Dietary curcumin protected the liver against damage by means of the lower in the number of inflammatory cells and swelling of hepatocytes in the liver of ducks inside the T500 + AFB1 group compared with within the T0 + AFB1 group (Figure 2C). Some inflammatory cells and swelling of hepatocytes within the T500 + AFB1 group compared using the T0 group was noticed. The outcomes of this study demonstrate that dietary curcumin could protect duck liver against acute damage induced by AFB1 administration. The liver ultrastructure is shown in Figure two. In the T0 group, the cell nucleus and mitochondrial ridge of hepatocytes were clearly visible and also the chromatin inside the cell nucleus was evenly distributed (Figure 2D). In comparison with the T0 group, the hepatocyte nucleus was visibly deformed; chromatin was aggregated along with the hepatocyte mitochondrial ridge was enlarged and deformed within the T0 + AFB1 group (Figure 2E). As expected, in comparison using the T0 + AFB1 group, hepatocyte nucleus and mitochondrial ridge had been clearly visible and the chromatin aggregation of hepatocytes was observed within the T500 + AFB1 group (Figure 2F). In addition,Foods 2021, ten,five ofFoods 2021, 10, x FOR PEER Critique the5 the hepatocyte nucleus and mitochondrial ridge were clearly visible when comparing of 19 T500 + AFB1 group and T0 group.Figure 1. The plasma biochemical levels of ducks exposed to AFB1 at 12 h. (A) The TP content within the Figure 1. The plasma biochemical levels of ducks exposed to AFB1 at 12 h. (A) The TP content within the plasmaof ducks; (B) The ALB content inin the plasma of ducks; (C) The GLO contentthe the plasma plasma of ducks; (B) The ALB content the plasma of ducks; (C) The GLO content in in plasma of of ducks; (D) The rate of ALB/GLO; (E) The TBIL activity within the plasma of ducks; (F) The ALP acducks; (D) The price of ALB/GLO; (E) The TBIL activity in the plasma of ducks; (F) The ALP activity tivity within the plasma of ducks; (G) The ALT activity within the plasma of ducks; (H) The AST activity in within the plasma of ducks; (G) The ALT activity in the plasma of ducks; (H) The AST activity inside the the plasma of ducks; (I) The price of AST/ALT. Values imply the mean SEM (regular error (SE) of Foods 2021,
