Ng: This investigation did not get external funding. Institutional Critique Board Statement: Not applicable. Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Information Availability Statement: Not applicable. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.NomenclatureA a Cp eg g k L m n Nu L p p Pr Re enclosure aspect ratio (-) air thermal diffusivity (m2 s-1 ) air specific heat (J g-1 K-1 ) vector opposite Hydrocinnamic acid Cancer towards the gravity field acceleration on the gravity (m -2 ) coefficient in Equation (8) distance in between the cold and hot walls (m) exponent in Equation (8) outgoing typical mean Nusselt quantity (-) stress (Pa) dimensionless stress (-) Prandtl quantity (-) radius of your external semi-hemisphere (m)Energies 2021, 14,9 ofRi Ra L S T Tc Th T uradius of the internal semi-hemisphere (m) Rayleigh number (-) surface (m2 ) temperature (K) external semi-hemisphere mean temperature (K) internal semi-hemisphere imply temperature (K) dimensionless temperature (-) velocity vectoru dimensionless velocity vector (-) Greek symbols air volumetric coefficient of expansion (K-1 ) = Nu L s – Nu L (9) / Nu L s deviation = Nu L =s- Nu L(ten) /sNu L s deviation / Nu L ( R) deviation Nu L ( R) – Nu Loperator Laplacianoperator nabla heat flux (Wm-2 ) thermal conductivity of air (W/mK) dynamic viscosity of air (Pa ) density of air (kg -3 ) streamlines Subscripts (9)14) from Equation (9) to Equation (14) from any reference ( R) s from direct simulation
energiesArticleLong-Term Expansion Planning in the Transmission Network in India under Multi-Dimensional UncertaintySpyros Giannelos , Anjali Jain , Stefan Zingerone custom synthesis Borozan Jyotirmay Mathur and Goran Strbac , Paola Falugi, Alexandre Moreira, Rohit Bhakar ,Division of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; [email protected] (A.J.); [email protected] (S.B.); [email protected] (P.F.); [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (R.B.); [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (G.S.) Correspondence: [email protected]: Giannelos, S.; Jain, A.; Borozan, S.; Falugi, P.; Moreira, A.; Bhakar, R.; Mathur, J.; Strbac, G. Long-Term Expansion Arranging on the Transmission Network in India beneath Multi-Dimensional Uncertainty. Energies 2021, 14, 7813. https:// doi.org/10.3390/en14227813 Academic Editor: J gen Heinz Werner Received: 5 September 2021 Accepted: 19 November 2021 Published: 22 NovemberAbstract: Considerable investment in India’s electricity system may well be necessary within the coming decades in an effort to support accommodate the expected improve of renewables capacity as part of the country’s commitment to decarbonize its power sector. Furthermore, electricity demand is geared to substantially boost on account of the ongoing electrification in the transport sector, the increasing population, as well as the improving economy. On the other hand, the multi-dimensional uncertainty surrounding these elements provides rise for the prospect of stranded investments and underutilized network assets, rendering investment selection producing difficult for network planners. Within this perform, a stochastic optimization model is applied towards the transmission network in India to determine the optimal expansion strategy within the period from 2020 until 2060, contemplating standard network reinforcements also as power storage investments. An advanced Nested Benders decomposition algorithm was employed to overcome the complexity of your multistage stochastic optimization pr.
