As: Gunatilake and Wimalaratna: Angioedema as the first presentation of B-cell
As: Gunatilake and Wimalaratna: Angioedema as the first presentation of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma ?an unusual case with normal C1 esterase inhibitor level: a case report. BMC Research Notes 2014 7:495.purchase 6-Methoxybaicalein Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of:?Convenient online submission ?Thorough peer review ?No space constraints or color figure charges ?Immediate publication on acceptance ?Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar ?Research which is freely available for redistributionSubmit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit
Neurokinin B (NKB) is a member of the tachykinin family of peptides. Recent studies have revealed that hypothalamic signaling of NKB and its receptor, neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R), has an important role in the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurosecretion in mammalian species [1]. Loss-of-function mutations of Tac3 and Tacr3, which encode NKB and NK3R, respectively, have been identified in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism [2]. Subsequently, research using animal models found that exogenous administration of NKB stimulates neural oscillation governing pulsatile GnRH [3] and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion [4,5]. NKB has affinity for other tachykinin receptors, even though marginal, which might compromise the interpretation of the* Correspondence: PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28506461 [email protected] Laboratory of Veterinary Reproduction, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-city, Tokyo 183-8509, Japanrole of NKB/NK3R system in reproductive control [6]. To overcome this problem, senktide was developed as a highly selective and potent agonist of NK3R [7], and currently available only for experimental use. Along with investigating the physiological role of NKB/NK3R system in various stages of the reproductive process, attention is now focused on the therapeutic use of NK3R agonists, e.g. senktide, to accelerate or improve gonadal activity in humans as well as domestic animals [8]. Anestrus is a major component of postpartum infertility in domestic animals including dairy cows [9], which extends calving interval and leads great economic loss for farmers. Particularly in high-yielding dairy cows, occurrence of anestrus is often associated with nutritional deficiency in early lactation period. The condition of anestrus is characterized by the lack of ovarian cycles or gonadal activity with repeated turnover of follicles without ovulation. The existing follicles are incapable of producing sufficient estradiol-17 (E2) to induce ovulation, owing to the?2014 Endo and Tanaka; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27385778 (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.Endo and Tanaka BMC Research Notes 2014, 7:773 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/7/Page 2 ofdecreased secretion of GnRH and LH. Taking the endocrine background of anestrus into consideration, anestrous animals are relevant subjects for investigating the therapeutic action of NKB on ovarian dysfunction through the stimulation of GnRH/LH secretion. Shiba goats are non-seasonal breeders under natural.
